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Flaxseed oil is usually safe for most adults when taken by mouth correctly and in the short term. Large doses can cause diarrhea and loose stools. Allergic reactions are also possible.
There has been some research, such as this 2010 study, suggesting ALA can increase the risk of prostate cancer or promote tumor growth. However, much of this research is speculative and other research suggests flaxseed can actually benefit men’s prostate health.
Additional research shows ALA from animal-based foods high in saturated fats might be linked to prostate cancer and even then, ALA may not be the culprit and other substances in those foods, such as the hormones and pesticides in meat, might promote tumor growth. Anyone who is concerned about the effects of flaxseed oil on their prostate should direct their questions to their doctor before adding flaxseed oil to their diet.
Anyone using flaxseed oil on skin and hair should be aware that there is not enough evidence on the safety of flaxseed oil when applied topically. However, a small study of a topical flaxseed oil gel found it safe and effective for carpal tunnel syndrome.
People who shouldn’t use flaxseed oil include:
- Pregnant women: It may pose adverse effects on pregnancy, including an increased risk for premature birth.
- Children: There has not been enough evidence on the safety of flaxseed oil when taken by children, although it is likely safe for children to consume small amounts of flax seeds.
- Breastfeeding mothers: There isn’t enough reliable information about the safety of flaxseed oil for women who are breastfeeding.
- People with bleeding disorders: Flaxseed oil may increase the risk of bleeding so anyone with a bleeding disorder should talk to their doctor before using flaxseed oil in food, in supplement form, or as a topical treatment.
- Surgery: Flaxseed oil should not be used before surgery and should be stopped at least two weeks before surgery, and after surgery to avoid bleeding risk.
- Persons on blood clotting drugs: Taking flaxseed oil with medications that slow down blood clotting (i.e. aspirin, diclofenac, warfarin, etc.) may increase the risk of bleeding and bruising. *
