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Citronella essential oil is considered safe when used appropriately. Current research suggests that it offers low toxicity when inhaled or applied to the skin. This doesn't mean it is without its concern.
When consumed internally, citronella oil can cause stomach upset, throat irritation, and coughing. If it accidentally gets into the eye, it can cause redness, irritation, and the temporary opacity of the cornea (a condition which usually reverses in a week or so).
When applied to the skin, undiluted citronella oil is not only irritating but may also cause tachycardia (rapid heart rate) in some. This is especially true of Java oil, in which high concentrations of citronellal have been known to trigger abnormal cardiovascular events.
Allergic reactions are uncommon but may occur if the citronella oil is applied excessively. Citronellal also has a photosensitizing effect, increasing sun sensitivity and the risk of sunburn.
You should also take care when using citronella oil for aromatherapy. Inhaling pure citronella oil can cause nose and throat irritation and trigger acute inflammation of the airways. *
